Rapid autofocusing for dynamic observation exploiting holographic polarization microscope

We proposed a rapid autofocusing method exploiting holographic polarization microscope, which could determine the refocusing distance without multiple reconstructions and complex network training. The defocus distance of the object is calculated rapidly by identifying the separation distance of the two defocus images of the object and using the linear relation between the defocus distance of the object and the separation distance of the two defocus images of the object. The linear relationship is obtained by numerical propagation and linear fitting. Last, we have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method by reconstructing the in-focus images of flowing cells. We believe that our proposed method could be a powerful tool for dynamic observation and extend the application of holographic polarization microscope.