A new method to predict venous complications in pediatric liver transplantation: Evaluation of splenic parameters by ultrasonography

Abstract Background Venous complications after pediatric liver transplantation seriously affect the survival rate of patients and grafts. At present, the diagnostic indicators have not been unified. Venous complications may cause portal hypertension, which may lead to splenomegaly and splenic vein dilatation. Therefore, the changes in spleen may be closely related to the venous complications. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between ultrasonic splenic parameters and venous complications and to study whether these splenic parameters can be used for the diagnosis of venous complications. Methods We retrospectively included pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation and collected ultrasonic spleen parameters before, and then 1–3 days, 1–3 weeks, 1–3 months, and 4–12 months after liver transplantation. We observed whether there were portal vein or hepatic vein complications within 1 year after liver transplantation. Results Among 109 pediatric patients after liver transplantation included in our study, 11 of them suffered from portal vein complications and nine hepatic vein complications. Spleen transverse diameter, spleen longitudinal diameter, spleen portal vein diameter, spleen index, spleen transverse diameter ratio, spleen longitudinal diameter ratio, and spleen index ratio were independent risk factors of venous complications. The accuracy of spleen transverse diameter (AUROC: 0.73), spleen index (AUROC: 0.70), spleen transverse diameter ratio (AUROC: 0.71), and spleen index ratio (AUROC: 0.72) in predicting venous complications were higher than other ones. Conclusions Ultrasonic examination is a common follow‐up method for pediatric patients after liver transplantation and the application of ultrasonic spleen parameters may be helpful to monitor venous complications.