北京
环境科学
中国
气溶胶
制冷剂
环境工程
温室气体
大气科学
排放清单
环境化学
环境保护
气象学
地理
化学
空气质量指数
工程类
生态学
考古
地质学
机械工程
气体压缩机
生物
作者
Liying Yi,X.I.A.N.G. Xue-Ying,Z.H.A.O. Xing-Chen,Weiguang Xu,J.I.A.N.G. Peng-Nan,Jianxin Hu
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.2c07711
摘要
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) is widely used as a refrigerant to replace dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), and a small amount of it is used in the foam and medical aerosol sectors, with a high global warming potential and fast-increasing atmospheric concentration. The emission of HFC-134a in China has been growing at an average annual growth rate of 14.4% since 2009, reaching 53.0 (47.5-58.7) kt yr-1 in 2020. Among the five emission sources, emissions from the mobile air conditioning (MAC) sector accounted for the highest proportion of 65% on average of the total, followed by the commercial air conditioning (CAC) sector (25%), the medical aerosols sector (8%), the foam sector (2%), and leakage emission from the production (less than 0.1%). The emissions of HFC-134a in four cities in China (Beijing, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, and Lanzhou) were also estimated and discussed. Beijing had the highest HFC-134a emission of 2.2 kt yr-1 in 2020, and Lanzhou had the lowest emission of only 0.2 kt yr-1. In Beijing and Guangzhou, emissions from the CAC sector surpassed those from the MAC sector, becoming the most important source of HFC-134a. The average annual growth rate of HFC-134a's emissions during 2009-2019 was close to its concentration enhancement growth rate of 12.7%, and the emissions also showed significant correlations with the concentration enhancements in both China and four cities. This indicates the importance of the muti-city and long-term observations for the verification of HFC-134a's emission estimates at a regional scale.
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