Carbon Macrosegregation Pattern in 30Cr15Mo1N Ingot: Impact of Pouring Rate

The effect of the pouring rate on the carbon macrosegregation in 30Cr15Mo1N ingots has been clarified by investigating changes in the content of carbon‐containing precipitated phases, cooling rate, secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) and the flow characteristics of molten steel. During the solidification process, the solute‐enriched liquid steel migrates toward the center of the ingot under the action of convection, resulting in an increasing segregation ratio from the edge to the center. However, the growth of equiaxed grains partially restricts the flow of solute‐enriched liquid steel, which leads to a maximum segregation ratio not at the center but at approximately a quarter radius from the center. Furthermore, due to the upward flow of molten steel in the center, positive segregation occurs at the top. An increment in the pouring rate reduces the SDAS by enhancing the cooling rate, and thus the permeability decreases. It aggravates the carbon macrosegregation horizontally. However, increasing the pouring rate decreases the carbon macrosegregation vertically. This is due to the more intense flow of molten steel and the larger liquid phase region at higher pouring rate, which reduces the solute enrichment degree and promotes compositional homogeneity above and below the ingot.