Laser Printing High‐Resolution Inorganic 3D Microstructures

Abstract Inorganic 3D microstructures have emerged as indispensable components in high‐performance applications due to their exceptional mechanical and optoelectronic properties, along with compact and lightweight architectures. However, their high‐quality fabrication has long been hindered by challenges such as low processing resolution, limited material diversity, and poor 3D structural morphology. Advances in manufacturing technologies from macro to micro scale, particularly the interdisciplinary integration of laser printing with material modification and synthesis, have enabled the high‐resolution fabrication of functional 3D devices from various inorganic materials. This review explores the fundamental mechanisms of laser‐material interactions and the resulting laser printing strategies for constructing versatile inorganic 3D material systems. The unique physicochemical properties of various inorganic microstructures are further highlighted, and their applications and developmental directions across different fields are examined. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in high‐resolution laser printing of inorganic 3D microstructures are discussed. While laser printing shows significant promise, it still faces challenges such as bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical implementation, balancing resolution and efficiency, ensuring stability, and advancing commercialization. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges and further advance from multiple dimensions, thereby driving the broad adoption and industrialization of related technologies.