底漆(化妆品)
聚合酶链反应
基因组
打字
计算生物学
生物
病毒学
背景(考古学)
人乳头瘤病毒
宫颈癌
乳头瘤病毒科
遗传学
癌症
医学
基因
化学
内科学
有机化学
古生物学
作者
Abhilasha Gautam,Mallikarjuna Rao Gedda,Madhukar Rai,Shyam Sundar,Jaya Chakravarty
出处
期刊:Current Molecular Medicine
[Bentham Science]
日期:2019-01-01
卷期号:19 (4): 237-246
被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.2174/1566524019666190405120441
摘要
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a species specific double-stranded DNA virus infecting human cutaneous or mucosal tissues. The genome structure of HPV is extremely polymorphic hence making it difficult to discriminate between them. HPV exhibits numerous dissimilar types that can be subdivided into high-risk (HR), probably high-risk and low-risk (LR), causing numerous types of cancers and warts around the genital organs in humans. Several screening methods are performed in order to detect cytological abnormalities and presence or absence of HPV genome. Currently available commercial kits and methods are designed to detect only a few HR/LR-HPV types, which are expensive adding to the economic burden of the affected individual and are not freely available. These gaps could be minimized through Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) method, which is a gold standard and a cost-effective technique for the detection of most HPV (both known and unknown) types by using specific consensus primers in minimal lab setup. In this context, numerous studies have validated the effectiveness of different sets of consensus primers in the screening of HPVs. Numerous consensus primers, such as E6, E6/E7, GP-E6/E7, MY09/11, GP5+/GP6+, SPF10, and PGMY09/11 have been developed to detect the presence of HPV DNA. In addition, HPV detection sensitivity could be achieved through consensus primer sets targeting specific ORF regions like L1 and E6, which may finally assist in better diagnosis of several unknown HR-HPVs. The present review, provides a summary of the available methods, kits and consensus primer sets for HPV genome based detection, their advantages and limitations along with future goals to be set for HPV detection.
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