A miniaturized ultrasonically powered programmable optogenetic implant stimulator system

A fully programmable, wirelessly powered optogenetic stimulator system is demonstrated. Implantable devices, with integrated optical stimulators, are powered and controlled using a programmable external ultrasonic transmitter. A methodical analysis is performed to investigate obtainable optical available powers using a highly efficient ultrasonic link. Optical intensities and stimulation patterns practical for optogenetic applications are easily achieved with safe levels of ultrasound. To our knowledge, this is the first ultrasonically powered optogenetic stimulator. The active area of the implantable device measures just 15 mm2.