The volatile compositions from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.were obtained by headspace solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography spectrometry-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME/GC/MS).The effects of different fibers on detecting result were discussed.The results showed the volatile compositions from Zanthoxylum bungeanum could be effectively extracted by the fiber of DVB/CAR/PDMS.These volatile compounds were mainly including some terpenes,alcohols and esters,such as β-myrcene(21.41%),limonene(17.06%),β-phellandrene(10.60%),γ-terpineol(9.50%),sabinene(8.32%),β-cis-ocimene(8.00%),eucalyptol(7.09%),ocimene(3.82%),α-pinene(3.59%),aromadendrene(1.15%),and α-terpineol acetate(1.08%).