To exploit full potentials of the current widely used yttria-partially-stabilized zirconia(YSZ),nano-sized YSZ powders were developed and used as the ceramic source material.By controlling the deposition processes,novel TBCs with outstanding nanostructures such as nano-sized grains and pores were produced by atmospheric plasma spray(APS) and electron beam physical vapor deposition(EB-PVD),respectively.The incorporated nanostructures in TBCs resulted in substantial increase in hardness,thermal barrier effect and lifetime against thermal cycling.The long-term microstructural stability of nano-coating at elevated temperature was also evaluated.