Bifidobacterium catenulatum boosts anti-PD-1 efficacy in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer via activating CD8 + T cells

BACKGROUND: Certain gut bacteria are associated with improved responses to immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE: We aim to identify bacteria that inhibit colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and enhance immunotherapy efficacy. DESIGN: mice and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced CRC tumourigenesis model. Immune landscape changes were identified by multicolour flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry staining. Metabolomic profiling was performed on stool, serum and tumour tissues. RESULTS: T cell activation in vitro. CONCLUSION: is a potential adjuvant to improve immunotherapy against CRC.