Fine-Tuning of RBOH-Mediated ROS Signaling in Plant Immunity

Activation of plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a crucial defense signaling event. RBOH activation occurs predominantly through N-terminal phosphorylation and the binding of a small GTPase. Two recent papers reported that C-terminal phosphorylation and ubiquitination modulates AtRBOHD activity, which extends our understanding of the fine-tuning of RBOH signaling in plant immunity.