紫杉醇
顺铂
卡铂
癌症研究
医学
癌症
恶性肿瘤
食管癌
癌症干细胞
转移
化疗
肿瘤科
生物信息学
内科学
生物
作者
Matheus Lohan-Codeço,Maria Luísa Barambo-Wagner,Luiz Eurico Nasciutti,Luís Felipe Ribeiro Pinto,Nathalia Meireles Da Costa,Antônio Palumbo
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00018-022-04131-6
摘要
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most incident and lethal tumors worldwide. Although surgical resection is an important approach in EC treatment, late diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence after surgery have led to the management of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies over the past few decades. In this scenario, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CISP), and more recently paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBP), have been traditionally used in EC treatment. However, chemoresistance to these agents along EC therapeutic management represents the main obstacle to successfully treat this malignancy. In this sense, despite the fact that most of chemotherapy drugs were discovered several decades ago, in many cases, including EC, they still represent the most affordable and widely employed treatment approach for these tumors. Therefore, this review summarizes the main mechanisms through which the response to the most widely chemotherapeutic agents used in EC treatment is impaired, such as drug metabolism, apoptosis resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), cell cycle, autophagy, energetic metabolism deregulation, tumor microenvironment and epigenetic modifications.
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