Chronic sleep deprivation induces erectile dysfunction through increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, endothelial dysfunction, and corporal fibrosis in a rat model

Sleep is foundational for nocturnal erections, facilitating nutrient exchange and waste removal, which has brought widespread attention to the relationship between sleep and erectile dysfunction (ED). However, there is currently a lack of basic research confirming whether chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) leads to erectile impairment and its underlying pathological mechanisms.