The influence of maxillary incisor angles on the stress distributions of temporomandibular joints under incisal biting

Abstract Background and Objective The incisal biting was one of the most regular jaw activities. The direction of bite force on the incisor tip and the mandible position were relevant to the incisor angle as biting. This study was carried out to explore the influence on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) caused by the incisor angle. Methods Twenty individuals belonging to three incisor subtypes of the buccal type were recruited. In addition, the 3D models including the maxillary, mandible and discs were established based on their cone‐beam computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scannings. Then, the mandibular ligaments and the discal attachments were simulated in the finite element models to analyze the stress distributions of the TMJs under incisal biting. Results The TMJ stresses of subtype I showed normal range and distribution. The stresses of the intermediate temporal bone tended to increase in subtype II. The intermediate and posterior bands of the discs sustained greater tensile stresses in subtype III. Conclusions Abnormal stress distributions are harmful to TMJs, so the incisor cusp was not suggested to incline to the palatal side too much.