Identification and quantification of risk factors for road transport of hazardous chemicals based on STAMP‐HFACS combined model

Abstract Road transport of hazardous chemicals has attracted widespread attention due to its high risk. Existing studies primarily focus on a single accident model or single factor analysis, making it challenging to capture the multidimensional risk factors in complex transport systems comprehensively. Therefore, this study integrates the STAMP model of system theory and the HFACS framework of human factor analysis to construct the STAMP‐HFACS comprehensive model. By systematically collecting 142 typical cases of road transport accidents of hazardous chemicals from 2010 to 2022, the framework is applied to classify the risk factors and deeply analyze the risk factors of accidents. On this basis, 11 classic accident cases and 5 risk factors are selected, and their importance is quantitatively evaluated by combining rough‐set theory. The results show that bad weather and road damage are the main risk factors, followed by the physical and chemical properties of chemicals. At the same time, driver behavior, vehicle faults, and regulatory negligence have relatively low impacts. The STAMP‐HFACS model provides a new perspective and methodological support for the comprehensive identification of risk factors and a scientific basis for the safety management and accident prevention of road transport of hazardous chemicals.