Photodynamic therapy inhibits cancer progression and induces ferroptosis and apoptosis by targeting P53/GPX4/SLC7A11 signaling pathways in cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. The specific mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating CCA remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of PDT in the treatment of CCA and try to improve the therapeutic effect of PDT by intervening associated signaling pathways. METHODS: ), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lipid peroxide (LPO) were determined. Changes in the expression of apoptosis and ferroptosis-related proteins were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Xenograft tumor models were developed to investigate the effects of PDT on tumor proliferation, apoptosis, and ferroptosis in vivo. RESULTS: , LPO, MDA, and LDH. After inducing the ferroptosis pathway, the therapeutic effect of PDT was enhanced, the tumor tissue was further reduced, and the degree of malignancy was reduced. CONCLUSION: PDT promotes apoptosis and ferroptosis of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating the P53/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway and inhibits the growth of cholangiocarcinoma. Inducing ferroptosis can enhance the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy.