The non-thermal plasma (NTP) after-treatment experimental equipment was analyzed and designed based on the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) theory.By using the NTP after-treatment experimental equipment and the alternating current power with high voltage and high frequency, the after-treatment experiments of exhaust emissions from a diesel engine were carried out. The experimental results show that the NTP exhaust after-treatment technique is effective on the removal of particulate matters and the removal efficiency of particulate matter can reach 79~0_0; meanwhile the THC removal efficiency is up to 20~0_0. NO_x is also reduced to some extent. Furthermore,by scanning electron microscope (SEM), it is revealed that the sizes of most particulate matters diminish after NTP treatment.