Dual Roles of the Movement of the Bacterial Flagella in Formation of Biofilm

Biofilms represent a great challenge for human health since biofilms confer high level of resistance to antimicrobial agents.Biofilms associated infection accounts for the majority of bacterial pathogenesis.Flagella are involved in the formation of biofilms and it is commonly accepted that flagella-mediated motility is necessary for the formation of biofilms,and the degree of motility has been positively correlated with the ability to form biofilms.Neverthelessly,accumulating evidence in recent years has pinpointed that bacterial flagella are not indispensable for the formation of biofilms in all cases.The inhibition of flagellar mobility and expression by cyclic-di-GMP can significantly increase the synthesis and stability of biofilm.