DC Voltage Control Dominated Oscillations in Electromechanical Frequency Range — Insights from Synchronous Coefficient Reduction Effect of IBR Plants and Network Interactions

Large-scale integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) is widely known to cause subsynchronous oscillations. This paper investigates a distinct class of oscillations that occur in the electromechanical frequency range (EFR), referred to as EFOs, and are dominated by the DC voltage control (DVC) loops of grid-following IBRs rather than synchronous generator-like controls or phase-locked loops (PLLs). Although open-loop oscillation modes of DVC loops are subsynchronous, the corresponding closed-loop dominant oscillation mode related to DVC can shift downward into the EFR without retuning the control parameters. This frequency shift is caused by network-mediated interactions among the IBRs, which introduce a negative synchronous coefficient into the DVC oscillation loop. This synchronous coefficient reduction effect (SCRE) becomes stronger as the IBR plant scale increases and/or as the minimum eigenvalue of the network admittance matrix decreases. Furthermore, a complex vector-based stability analysis method is proposed, and a stability criterion for DVC-EFOs is derived. Finally, the analytical conclusions are validated using a practical power system configuration implemented in Simulink. The SCRE differs from traditional explanations, in which the open-loop oscillation modes are already located in the EFR, and provides new insight into DVC-dominated oscillations in the EFR for integration of IBR plants.