Microchemistry of 2D MOFs and their derivatives: From synthesis and catalytic mechanisms to energy storage

Compared with 3D MOFs, 2D MOFs and their derivatives (2D MOMs) have higher specific surface area, excellent electrochemical properties and structural tunability, and have great potential for hydrogen and energy storage. However, current reports on the synthesis of both materials and related device applications are limited to the macroscopic level. In this review, the microchemistry of the synthesis strategies of 2D MOMs is elucidated as well as the differences in the synthesis strategies due to the structural differences between them. Subsequently, the effect of the synthesis strategy on their overall morphology and the resulting differences in properties are discussed. Next, a detailed account of how the surface and bulk phases of 2D MOMs utilize these properties individually and synergistically to participate in catalysis, energy conversion and storage is presented, and key considerations in the field of energy storage are described. Unlike previous reviews, 2D MOMs are discussed from a microscopic perspective within a unified framework, elucidating the design-synthesis-structure/modulation-property-function relationship. Finally, "weaving-orient-ed growth" and "integrated energy storage devices" are proposed as next-generation design concepts for the synthesis and application of 2D MOMs, and their future development in energy storage and other fields is envisioned, providing valuable insights for sustainable energy applications. This provides valuable insights for sustainable energy applications.