Structurally Diverse Coumarins from Peucedanum praeruptorum and their Anti‐Inflammatory Activities via NF‐κB Signaling Pathway

Abstract The phytochemical study of Peucedanum praeruptorum led to the isolation of twenty‐five coumarins ( 1 ‐ 25 ). Of which, (±) praeruptol A (± 1 ), one pair of previous undescribed seco ‐coumarin enantiomers were obtained. Their structures were established according to HR‐ESI‐MS, NMR, X‐ray single crystal diffraction analysis, as well as ECD calculation. All compounds were tested for anti‐inflammatory activity in the RAW264.7 macrophage model, and eight compounds ( 7 – 10 , and 13 – 16) exhibited significant inhibitory effects with IC 50 values ranging from 9.48 to 34.66 μM. Among them, compound 7 showed the strongest inhibitory effect, which significantly suppressed the production of IL‐6, IL‐1 β , and TNF‐ α , as well as iNOS and COX‐2 in a concentration‐dependent manner. Further investigated results showed that compound 7 exerted an anti‐inflammatory effect via the NF‐κB signaling pathway.