Human placenta‐derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate diabetic kidney disease by modulating the T helper 17 cell/ regulatory T‐cell balance through the programmed death 1 / programmed death‐ligand 1 pathway

We found that PMSCs improved renal function and pathological damage in DKD rats and modulated Th17/Treg balance through the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. These findings provide a novel mechanism and basis for the clinical use of PMSCs in the treatment of DKD.