Molybdenum

Abstract Molybdenum is an essential element for humans, animals, and plants. But excess exposure to molybdenum substances may cause harmful effects. This chapter describes natural occurrence, production, uses, and chemical and biochemical properties of molybdenum substances, and possible adverse effects in relation to dose. The emphasis is on commercial inorganic molybdenum substances and those where the molybdate ion [MoO 4 ] 2− is the driver for a biological effect.