Combined Bisoprolol and Trimetazidine ameliorate Arsenic trioxide -Induced Acute Myocardial Injury in Rats: Targeting PI3K/GSK-3β/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB/iNOS Signaling Pathways, Inflammatory Mediators and Apoptosis

Background Arsenic-trioxide (ATO) is an effective therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Unfortunately, its utility is hindered by the risk of myocardial injury. Both bisoprolol (BIS) and trimetazidine (TMZ) have various pharmacological features, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.