Recent advances of hyper-crosslinked porous polymers in environment related fields: synthesis, functionalization, and applications

Accelerated population growth and rapid urbanization have posed significant threats to global ecosystems. It is necessary and crucial to develop efficient materials for the elimination of hazardous pollutants in the environment. Hyper-crosslinked porous polymers (HCPs), characterized by their high surface area, facile functionalization and exceptional chemical durability, have emerged as promising candidates for environmental remediation. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in the synthesis, functionalization, and environmental applications of HCPs. We highlight the fundamental properties, synthetic methodologies, and functionalization strategies of HCPs, emphasizing their critical role in enhancing environmental performance and application potential of HCPs materials. Special attention is given to the recent development of HCPs’ applications in water treatment, gas purification, carbon capture and sensing. Furthermore, this review discusses the challenges and future prospects of HCPs for environmental applications, including scale-up production, performance optimization, and practical implementation in real-world environments. This comprehensive overview aims to inspire further research and innovation in this dynamic field.