作者
Sara Pescetelli,Antonio Agresti,Georgios Viskadouros,Stefano Razza,K. Rogdakis,Ioannis Kalogerakis,Emmanuel Spiliarotis,Enrico Leonardi,Paolo Mariani,Luca Sorbello,Marco Pierro,Cristina Cornaro,Sebastiano Bellani,Leyla Najafi,Beatriz Martín-García,Antonio Esau Del Rio Castillo,Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez,Mirko Prato,Simone Maranghi,Maria Laura Parisi,Adalgisa Sinicropi,Riccardo Basosi,Francesco Bonaccorso,Emmanuel Kymakis,Aldo Di Carlo
摘要
As a vital step towards the industrialization of perovskite solar cells, outdoor field tests of large-scale perovskite modules and panels represent a mandatory step to be accomplished. Here we demonstrate the manufacturing of large-area (0.5 m2) perovskite solar panels, each containing 40 modules whose interfaces are engineered with two-dimensional materials (GRAphene-PErovskite (GRAPE) panels). We further integrate nine GRAPE panels for a total panel area of 4.5 m2 in a stand-alone solar farm infrastructure with peak power exceeding 250 W, proving the scalability of this technology. We provide insights on the system operation by analysing the panel characteristics as a function of temperature and light intensity. The analysis, carried out over a months-long timescale, highlights the key role of the lamination process of the panels on the entire system degradation. A life-cycle assessment based on primary data indicates the high commercial potential of the GRAPE panel technology in terms of energy and environmental performances.