Sepsis is one of the major causes of mortality in ICUs. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the pathogenesis and development of sepsis. 3,4-Methylenedioxyphenol (sesamol), one of the lignans in sesame oil, protects against endotoxin-induced oxidative stress and organ failure. However, the effects of sesamol on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in septic rats have never been investigated.