温室气体
牲畜
环境科学
农业
生产(经济)
食品加工
商品
农用地
农业经济学
土地利用
土地利用、土地利用的变化和林业
农业科学
自然资源经济学
业务
地理
经济
林业
生态学
食品科学
生物
化学
财务
考古
宏观经济学
作者
Xiaoming Xu,Prateek Sharma,Shijie Shu,Tzu‐Shun Lin,Philippe Ciais,Francesco N. Tubiello,Pete Smith,Nelson Campbell,Atul K. Jain
出处
期刊:Nature food
[Nature Portfolio]
日期:2021-09-13
卷期号:2 (9): 724-732
被引量:698
标识
DOI:10.1038/s43016-021-00358-x
摘要
Agriculture and land use are major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but previous estimates were either highly aggregate or provided spatial details for subsectors obtained via different methodologies. Using a model–data integration approach that ensures full consistency between subsectors, we provide spatially explicit estimates of production- and consumption-based GHG emissions worldwide from plant- and animal-based human food in circa 2010. Global GHG emissions from the production of food were found to be 17,318 ± 1,675 TgCO2eq yr−1, of which 57% corresponds to the production of animal-based food (including livestock feed), 29% to plant-based foods and 14% to other utilizations. Farmland management and land-use change represented major shares of total emissions (38% and 29%, respectively), whereas rice and beef were the largest contributing plant- and animal-based commodities (12% and 25%, respectively), and South and Southeast Asia and South America were the largest emitters of production-based GHGs. The quantification of greenhouse gas emissions related to food production and consumption is still largely hindered by the availability of spatial data consistent across sectors. This study provides a detailed account of emissions from land-use change, farmland, livestock and activities beyond the farm gate associated with plant- and animal-based foods/diets—culminating in local-, country- and global-level emissions from each major agricultural commodity.
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