Porous aerogel and sponge composites: Assisted by novel nanomaterials for electromagnetic interference shielding

Exploring a light-weight electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding material with high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) is of great significance to alleviate the growing EMI pollution problem, prevent electronic instruments from the EMI, and protect human health. Recently, porous aerogel and sponge composites with various special nanomaterials instead of traditional bulky metals, have attracted great attentions in the field of EMI shielding, due to their low density, high porosity, high EMI SE, and good structural stability. In this review, the related EMI shielding mechanisms, construction strategies of porous aerogel and sponge composites, their recent advancements for EMI shielding, and possible future challenges and prospects in this area are summarized in detail. We hope that this review will help to promote the development of porous aerogels and sponges in the EMI shielding domain.