Advances in the Application of Biosensors for the Detection of Neonicotinoid Pesticide Residues

Excessive residues of neonicotinoid insecticides in food and environmental samples pose a serious threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the detection capacity of neonicotinoid pesticide residues. Various biosensor-based platforms are now available for the fast, simple, and low-cost detection of neonicotinoid residues. This review mainly summarizes the latest progress in the application of electrochemical sensors, fluorescence sensors, colorimetric sensors, electrochemiluminescence biosensors, and Raman spectroscopy-based biosensors in the rapid detection of neonicotinoid residues. It also discusses the challenges facing these sensor technologies and provides some solutions for addressing these challenges. We anticipate that this review will provide a reference for the further development and utilization of biosensors in pesticide residue detection.