Stability Designs of Cell Membrane Cloaked Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes for Improved Life Span in Screening Drug Leads

Convenient strategies to provide natural cell membranes (CMs)-camouflaged nanomaterials with enhanced stability would prompt the advancement of CMs-coated biomimetic technology and expand the application of these emerging nanomaterials. Herein, we have developed stability-enhanced CMs-camouflaged magnetic carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) to screen drug leads from traditional Chinese medicine (TCMs) that target membrane receptors. By modifying MCNTs with N-ethyl-N'-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), the resulting covalent immobilized CMs-camouflaged MCNTs have improved stability, where the losing amount (20 mg g-1) was significantly decreased compared with that of the unimmobilized materials (40 mg g-1). The high expression ephrinb2/HEK293 cell lines were used to camouflage the EDC/NHS modified MCNTs (CMCNTs) to endow it with drug-screening sites. Moreover, with inherited properties from CMs, ephrinb2/HEK293 CMs-camouflaged CMCNTs possessed good binding capacity and selectivity, and three potential drug leads as mesaconine, deltaline, and 13-dehydroxyindine were screened from Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. The pharmacological assays indicated that mesaconine and 13-dehydroxyindine could inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting ephrinb2. As a result, this surface engineering method not only offers an insight into fabrication of stabilized CMs-coated nanomaterials but also inspires more brilliant work in the future and paves the way for the biomimetic functional modification of CNTs for a variety of applications.