Characterization of Lithium in Batteries with EDS and EELS

This paper will present start of the art characterization of Lithium in battery materials using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) at 30 keV with the state of the art field emission scanning transmission electron microscope (FE-STEM) Hitachi SU-9000EA. This microscope has a resolution of 0,22 nm in bright field imaging at 30 keV. It has the extreme EDS detector from Oxford that allows the detection of the Ka line of Lithium. It has a EELS system with 0.5 eV resolution that allows to map the chemical state of Li in various materials. Examples of applications of these techniques will be presented as well as the challenges and limitations for Lithium characterization.