生物
基因
柄孢霉
遗传学
基因复制
ATG8型
自噬
微孢子虫
进化生物学
突变体
微生物学
孢子
细胞凋亡
作者
Qinhu Wang,Huiquan Liu,Huaijian Xu,Ruonan Hei,Shijie Zhang,Cong Jiang,Jin‐Rong Xu
标识
DOI:10.1111/1462-2920.14451
摘要
Autophagy is important for growth, development and pathogenesis in fungi. Although autophagic process is generally considered to be conserved, the conservation and evolution of ATG genes at kingdom-wide remains to be conducted. Here we systematically identified 41 known ATG genes in 331 species and analyzed their distribution across the fungal kingdom. In general, only 20 ATG genes are highly conserved, including most but not all the yeast core-autophagy-machinery genes. Four functional protein groups involved in autophagosome formation had conserved and non-conserved components, suggesting plasticity in autophagosome formation in fungi. All or majority of the key ATG genes were lost in several fungal groups with unique lifestyles and niches, such as Microsporidia, Pneumocystis and Malassezia. Moreover, majority of ATG genes had A-to-I RNA editing during sexual reproduction in two ascomycetes and deletion of FgATG11, the ATG gene with the most editing sites in Fusarium affected ascospore releasing. Duplication and divergence also was observed to several core ATG genes, such as highly divergent ATG8 paralogs in dermatophytes and multiple ATG15 duplications in mushrooms. Taken together, independent losses and duplications of ATG genes have occurred throughout the fungal kingdom and variations in autophagy exist among different lineages and possibly different developmental stages.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI