The marine fuel was prepared from residual oil,the ethylene tar and the shale oil.The effects of harmonic ratio,the temperature,different hydrophilic lipophilic balance(HLB) and the compound surfactants exchange on the oil viscosity were studied.The experiment results show that when the m(residue)/m(ethylene) =1∶1.25 and m(tar residue)/m(shale oil)=1∶1.00 blend oil not only viscosity at 180# marine fuel oil products indicator,and the flash point and stability are in line with national standards.When add HLB=12 with anionic and non-ionic surfactant blend oil viscosity significantly reduced.When compound surfactant added at 0.3 persent,the viscosity to a minimum.