Traditionally,according to the maintenance theory the preventive maintenance operation is based on the RCMA(Reliability-Centered Maintenance Analysis).For perfecting the maintenance,it presents a new method based on maintenance and failure information,analyzes the character of aviation equipment maintenance engineering and builds the effect model of maintenance-failure,we gain the main maintenance which inducing the failure.Through computing the function of the preventive maintenance,the biggest is carried out.A new optimization algorithm is designed.The research is of directive significance to planning the reasonable and timely preventive maintenance.