The oxidation of hydrocarbons is a main kind of reaction in chemical industry.Since oxygen or air is abundant and environmentally clean,it is very attractive to develop oxidation process with molecular oxygen as oxidant.Recently a novel catalytic system based on N-hydroxyphthalimide for the oxidation of varieties of hydrocarbons has been reported.Using this catalytic system,the oxidation reactions proceed under mild conditions and give both high conversions and selectivities.In the paper,this novel catalytic system and all the reactions catalyzed were reviewed.