ROS-responsive EGCG-Fe-Cur nanosystems for radioprotection through antioxidant and inhibition of ferroptosis pathways

/M phase cell cycle arrest in AHH-1 cells after γ-ray irradiation, reduces DNA damage, and lowers levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation. Animal experimental results indicate that EGCG-Fe-Cur significantly increases the survival rate of irradiated mice, efficiently restores their hematopoietic system function, and, within a specific concentration range, provides better protective effects than the traditional radioprotectant WR2721. Mechanistic exploration reveals that this nanoparticle maintains normal mitochondrial morphology and function, effectively inhibits ferroptosis and apoptosis processes by activating the PPARγ/NRF2 signaling pathway, thereby offering comprehensive and multi-level radiation protection for the organism.