MOF-derived Bi@NC electrocatalysts with heteroatomic engineering for high-efficiency CO 2 -to-formate conversion

A cost-effective N-doped C-supported Bi nanoparticle (Bi@NC) catalyst, derived from controlled pyrolysis of a Bi-MOF with tunable dicyandiamide incorporation, exhibits exceptional CO 2 -to-HCOOH conversion with 96% faradaic efficiency.