Analysis of seamount propagation through the first convergence zone

During the recent Office of Naval Research (ONR) New England Seamounts Acoustics (NESMA) Pilot experiment, continuous measurements were made of underwater acoustic propagation and scattering from close range through the first deep-water acoustic convergence zone (CZ) using a stationary mid-frequency source and the ONR Three Octave Research Array (THORA) at Penn State. The source was positioned at a shallow depth over the plateau of one of the Atlantis II seamounts; the THORA was towed from 1 km range to a maximum of 85 km from the source. High-level goals of this work are to: 1) assess the influence of seamount scattering on mid-frequency transmission loss (TL) within the shadow zone, and 2) characterize how seamount interaction and the CZ is influenced by the shallow sound speed profile (SSP) in this region. The data was beamformed and analyzed using narrowband and broadband techniques, while ray-based and parabolic equation (PE) based models were used to develop an understanding of the influence of the seamount bathymetry, roughness, and the SSP. This talk will discuss a frequency dependent decrease in TL (acoustic enhancement) within the shadow zone due to seamount interaction and the limited influence of the seamount within the first CZ.