Activating CD8+ T Cells by Pt(IV) Prodrug‐Based Nanomedicine and aPD‐L1 Antibody for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy

Abstract Recent years have witnessed substantial progress in cancer immunotherapy, specifically T cell‐based therapies. However, the application of T cell therapies has been primarily limited to hematologic malignancies, with limited success in the treatment of solid tumors. The main challenge in treating solid tumor is immune escape, which is characterized by reduced antigenicity, diminished immunogenicity, and the development of suppressive tumor immune microenvironments. To address these obstacles and restore T cell‐mediated anti‐tumor responses, a novel nanoparticle formulation known as PRA@Oxa‐c16 is developed. This innovative approach combines retinoic acid and Pt(IV) to specifically target and overcome immune escape. Notably, the therapeutic efficacy of PRA@Oxa‐c16 primarily relies on its ability to induce anti‐tumor T cell responses, in contrast to the cytotoxicity associated with conventional chemotherapeutic agents. When combined with an immune checkpoint blockade, anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 antibody, PRA@Oxa‐c16 effectively eliminates solid tumors and induces immune memory responses, which prevent tumor metastasis and recurrence. This promising approach holds great potential for enhancing the treatment of solid tumors with T cell‐based immunotherapy.