Optimization of Leaky-ESN parameters based on dragonfly and whale algorithm

Abstract In this research, we present a spiral flying mode-based dragonfly algorithm (DA-WOA). Since the traditional Dragonfly algorithm (DA) has a L e ̇ vy flight, the final results obtained are random in nature and have poor global search capability. Changing to a spiral flight pattern not only enlarges the search area but also makes it easy to find the optimal solution. The Swish function is also used to optimize the various flight coefficients of the DA to avoid the gradient descent approaching 0. Adding a fitness coefficient to the final position updating equation can better control the distance between dragonflies and natural enemies and thus find the optimal solution. The convergence speed of the DA-WOA algorithm and the superiority of the global search are verified by 13 test functions. In this paper, DA-WOA is applied to Leaky-ESN to optimize three parameters of the Leaky-ESN system, namely, the leakage rate ( α ), the spectral radius of the connectivity weight matrix ( ρ ), and the input scale factor ( s in ). The experimental results demonstrate that DA-WOA has very strong prediction ability as well as very quick convergence speed for the predicted Sin and MG time series.