Therapeutic challenges in treating ESBL- and/or AmpC-producing non-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales : an in vitro evaluation of novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefiderocol

CR non-CPE exhibit heterogeneous resistance profiles, especially in ESBL/AmpC co-producers and CTX-M-33-producing isolates. While cefepime-zidebactam, imipenem-relebactam, and cefiderocol were the most active agents, susceptibility testing remains essential to guide therapy in this emerging and neglected bacterial group.