An overview of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles

Environmental issues triggered by emissions from conventional vehicles have accelerated the adaptation of electric vehicles (EVs) for urban transportation. The most favorable battery technology which can closely fulfill the minimum goals of the United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC) for commercialisation of EVs are the lithium-ion batteries. Although there are various types of lithium-ion batteries have been widely used to power the EVs, the performance characteristics of these batteries are not clearly specified in a more comparable way. Therefore, this paper reviews four types of commonly used lithium-ion batteries and based on their specifications analysis to access capabilities and suitability as the energy source in EVs. Results can be used as benchmarks for selecting lithium-ion batteries for battery management system (BMS) design in EVs.