The postoperative effect of sevoflurane inhalational anesthesia on cognitive function and inflammatory response of pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of sevoflurane on cognitive function and inflammatory response of children after general anesthesia at different times. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ninety-three pediatric patients who underwent general anesthesia surgery were enrolled and divided into groups based on time under general anesthesia: group A (<1 h, n=27), group B (1-3 h, n=36), and group C (≥ 3 h, n=30). Changes in cognitive function and serum inflammatory index were compared. RESULTS: The occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in group A and B was lower than in group C and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The levels of caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the POCD group at the different time points were significantly higher than in the non-POCD group and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in the POCD group at the different time points significantly changed and were highest during the recovery period, while there were no significant changes in the non-POCD group at the different time points. CONCLUSIONS: The prolonged sevoflurane inhalational anesthesia time (≥ 3 h) enhanced the occurrence of POCD and was related to the expression levels of serum caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-6.