A Review Paper on Wettability Properties of Titanium and Its Oxide-Based Coatings

Abstract Nano-coating has become the focus of study in recent years because of its wide range of applications in several fields to obtain superior materials. By depositing a thin film with thickness ranging from nanometer to micrometer, an advanced material is developed. These advanced materials have properties like ultraviolet (UV) protection, self-cleaning properties, photocatalyst properties, and thermal resistance as well as thermal conductivity, higher reflectivity and transparency, wear resistance, and much more. All these properties depend upon the target materials used for the process and the formation of films. By obtaining a proper deposition process of selective target material, an enhanced component in the field of energy optimization, biological implants, mechanical instruments and tools, and thermal resistive surfaces that will have superior properties can be developed. These properties of an advanced material depend upon the chemical characteristic of the target material, the thickness of the film deposited, grain size and grain orientation, and surface morphology as a few of the important factors. In this review paper, the studies carried out by different scientists on titanium oxide as a target material to study the wettability properties, optical properties, and effect of annealing on wettability, effect of the phase of titanium oxide on wettability, and effect of UV irradiation on wettability have been reviewed. Different deposition processes, such as a physical deposition process as well as a chemical deposition process, have been considered.