Crystallization-Induced Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence from Tetraphenyl Alkene Nanocrystals for Ultrasensitive Sensing

/TEA system, which is thousands of times higher than that of free TPB molecules. The high ECL efficiency of TPB NCs originates from the effective electron transfer of unique J-aggregates on the a axis of the nanocrystals to notably promote radiative transition and the restriction on the free rotation of TPB molecules to further suppress the nonradiative transition, which has exhibited great potential in ultrasensitive biosensing, efficient light-emitting devices, and clear ECL imaging fields. As a proof of concept, since dopamine (DA) can form benzoquinone species by electrochemical oxidation to realize intermediate radical quenching and excited-state quenching on the TPB NCs/TEA system, the TPB NCs with the CIE ECL effect are used to construct an ultrasensitive ECL-sensing platform for the determination of DA with a lower detection limit of 3.1 nM.