Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Electric Vehicles: A Systematic Review for Sustainable Mobility

This systematic review examines the potential of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (HFCEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) as sustainable alternatives to traditional internal combustion vehicles (ICEs) based on fossil fuels in transitioning to greener mobility. By exploring recent literature and applying PRISMA guidelines, we focus on key aspects such as the technological performance, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact of HFCs compared to EVs. The review emphasizes the critical role of hydrogen production, mainly green hydrogen, and the challenges associated with refueling infrastructure and market viability. Analyzing selected studies, we present insights into the advantages, obstacles, and prospects of HFCEVs in the context of global efforts toward sustainable transportation.