ENDOSCOPIC INJECTION HEMOSTASIS AND LOCAL TREATMENT OF GASTRODUODENAL BLEEDING. LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN DEVELOPMENTS.

Gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer remain one of the most common and dangerous pathologies, accompanied by a high level of gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopic methods of hemostasis, including injection and combined methods, are the basis for the treatment of gastroduodenal bleeding, but there is a problem of high risk of relapse and insufficient effectiveness of individual methods. This article discusses modern approaches to endoscopic hemostasis in ulcer bleeding, including injection of vasoconstrictors and the use of the latest methods of local treatment. Particular attention is paid to the development of new methods of delivering medicinal preparations, such as egg oil and Kalanchoe juice, to the ulcer defect area, as well as the possibility of using an additional manipulation channel to prevent damage to endoscopic equipment. The conducted review demonstrates that the improvement of existing methods of hemostasis and local treatment, as well as the introduction of innovative therapeutic approaches, contributes to an increase in the effectiveness of the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding and a reduction in the risk of relapse, which is important for clinical practice.