自噬
生物
亚精胺
免疫监视
烟酰胺
癌症研究
免疫系统
西妥因1
免疫学
肿瘤科
内科学
医学
生物化学
细胞凋亡
酶
下调和上调
基因
作者
Sebastian J. Hofer,Guido Kroemer,Oliver Kepp
出处
期刊:Elsevier eBooks
[Elsevier]
日期:2022-01-01
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.08.003
摘要
Numerous pro-autophagic dietary interventions are being investigated for their potential cancer-preventive or therapeutic effects. This applies to different fasting regimens, methionine restriction and ketogenic diets. In addition, the supplementation of specific micronutrients such as nicotinamide (vitamin B3) or spermidine induces autophagy. In humans, leanness, plant-based diets (that may lead to partial methionine restriction) and high dietary uptake of spermidine are associated with a low incidence of cancers. Moreover, clinical trials have demonstrated the capacity of nicotinamide to prevent non-melanoma skin carcinogenesis. Multiple interventional trials are evaluating the capacity of autophagy-inducing regimens to improve the outcome of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Here, we discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of autophagy induction by nutritional interventions, as well as the mechanisms through which autophagy induction in malignant or immune cells improves anticancer immunosurveillance.
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