Extracellular vesicles (EV) are microstructures that participate in cellular communication. They are released by all biological fluids and are carriers of proteins, lipids, DNA, RNA mainly miRNA, that reflect their cell of origin. Among their populations, we can mention microvesicles and exosomes. Exosomes are structures that are 40-150 nm and have preserved proteins, such tetraspanins CD9, CD63 and CD81. They are released after injury, including in acute renal injury. Urinary exosomes (uEV) are potential marker of renal tubular injury.